Pisqa’ 7497H:127-128;JN1:212-213. 1. “Your vows” (Dt.12:17)— this is the Holocaust-offering. Now, what is the verse coming to teach us? Is the point [to declare liable one who consumes] the Holocaust-offering beyond the wall of Jerusalem? [No!] For this is a logical deduction from the case of the Cattle-tithe. Is the point, rather, [to impose liability on one who consumes the meat] before the sprinkling of the blood? [No!] For this rule is a logical deduction from the case of the Thanks-offering and the Communion-offering. Is the point, rather, [to impose liability on one who consumes the meat] after the sprinkling of the blood? [No!] For this is a logical deduction from the case of the Firstling! Is the point, then, [to impose liability on one who consumes the meat] beyond the curtains? [No!] For this is a logical deduction from the case of the Purification-offering and Guilt-offering. Just as the Purification-offering and Guilt-offering, which are permitted for consumption, yet, one who consumes them beyond the curtains transgresses a proscription, isn’t it only logical that in the case of the Holocaust-offering, which is prohibited for consumption— one who consumes it beyond the curtains should transgress a proscription? Therefore, [the verse must have some other application]! It comes only to teach us that one who consumes the Holocaust-offering— whether before sprinkling the blood, whether after sprinkling the blood, whether within the curtains, whether beyond the curtains— transgresses a proscription.
“You, and your son, and your daughter, and your male slave, and your slave-girl” (Dt.12:18)— in [the listing of] these dependants, the most precious take precedence.
“And the Levite who is within your gates” (Dt.12:18)— anywhere you find the Levite (e.g., Dt.12:12, 14:27, 14:29) the instruction is: give him his levitical portion [the First-tithe] If he can’t survive on his portion, then supplement his portion from the Pauper’s tithe. If he can’t survive on the Pauper’s tithe, then supplement his portion from Communion-offerings.98Cf. Pisqa’ 69.1.
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(דברים יב יט) הִשָּׁמֶר – בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה.
3. “Be careful” (Dt.12:19)— this constitutes a proscription.
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פֶּן – בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה.
“Lest” (Dt.12:19)— lest also constitutes a proscription.
נְדָרֶיךָ – זוֹ עוֹלָה. וְכִי מָה בָּא הַכָּתוּב לְלַמְּדֵנוּ? אִם לְאוֹכֵל עוֹלָה חוּץ לַחוֹמָה – קַל וָחוֹמֶר מִמַּעֲשֵׂר; לִפְנֵי זְרִיקַת דָּמִים – קַל וָחוֹמֶר מִתּוֹדָה וּשְׁלָמִים; לְאַחַר זְרִיקַת דָּמִים – קַל וָחוֹמֶר מִן הַבְּכוֹר; חוּץ לַקְּלָעִים – קַל וָחוֹמֶר מֵחַטָּאת וְאָשָׁם: מָה חַטָּאת וְאָשָׁם, שֶׁמּוּתָּרִים בַּאֲכִילָה, הָאוֹכֵל מֵהֶם חוּץ לַקְּלָעִים עוֹבֵר בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה, עוֹלָה, שֶׁהִיא אֲסוּרָה בַּאֲכִילָה, הָאוֹכֵל מִמֶּנָּה חוּץ לַקְּלָעִים אֵינוֹ דִין שֶׁיְּהֵא עוֹבֵר בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה? הָא לֹא בָּא הַכָּתוּב לְלַמֶּדְךָ אֶלָּא לְאוֹכֵל עוֹלָה בֵּין לִפְנֵי זְרִיקַת דָּמִים בֵּין לְאַחַר זְרִיקַת דָּמִים, בֵּין לִפְנִים מִן הַקְּלָעִים בֵּין חוּץ לַקְּלָעִים שֶׁעוֹבֵר בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה.
Pisqa’ 7497H:127-128;JN1:212-213.
1. “Your vows” (Dt.12:17)—
this is the Holocaust-offering.
Now, what is the verse coming to teach us?
Is the point [to declare liable one who consumes]
the Holocaust-offering
beyond the wall of Jerusalem?
[No!]
For this is a logical deduction
from the case of the Cattle-tithe.
Is the point, rather, [to impose liability on one who consumes the meat]
before the sprinkling of the blood?
[No!]
For this rule is a logical deduction
from the case of the Thanks-offering and the Communion-offering.
Is the point, rather, [to impose liability on one who consumes the meat]
after the sprinkling of the blood?
[No!]
For this is a logical deduction
from the case of the Firstling!
Is the point, then, [to impose liability on one who consumes the meat]
beyond the curtains?
[No!]
For this is a logical deduction
from the case of the Purification-offering and Guilt-offering.
Just as the Purification-offering and Guilt-offering,
which are permitted for consumption,
yet, one who consumes them beyond the curtains
transgresses a proscription,
isn’t it only logical that
in the case of the Holocaust-offering,
which is prohibited for consumption—
one who consumes it beyond the curtains
should transgress a proscription?
Therefore, [the verse must have some other application]!
It comes only to teach us that
one who consumes the Holocaust-offering—
whether before sprinkling the blood,
whether after sprinkling the blood,
whether within the curtains,
whether beyond the curtains—
transgresses a proscription.
(דברים יב יח) כִּי אִם לִפְנֵי ה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ – זוֹ שִׁילֹה.
2. “Rather, before HASHEM your God you shall eat it” (Dt.12:18)—
namely, at Shiloh.
תֹּאכְלֶנּוּ בַּמָּקוֹם אֲשֶׁר יִבְחַר ה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ בּוֹ – זוֹ יְרוּשָׁלִַם.
“At the place which HASHEM your God shall choose” (Dt.12:18)—
namely, in Jerusalem.
אַתָּה וּבִנְךָ וּבִתֶּךָ וְעַבְדְּךָ וַאֲמָתֶךָ, חָבִיב חָבִיב קוֹדֵם.
“You, and your son, and your daughter, and your male slave, and your slave-girl” (Dt.12:18)—
in [the listing of] these dependants, the most precious take precedence.
וְהַלֵּוִי אֲשֶׁר בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ, כָּל מָקוֹם אַתָּה מוֹצֵא הַלֵּוִי הַזֶּה, לוֹמַר תֵּן לוֹ מֵחֶלְקוֹ! אֵין לוֹ חֵלֶק – תֵּן לוֹ מַעְשַׂר עָנִי! אֵין לוֹ מַעְשַׂר עָנִי – תֵּן לוֹ שְׁלָמִים!
“And the Levite who is within your gates” (Dt.12:18)—
anywhere you find the Levite (e.g., Dt.12:12, 14:27, 14:29)
the instruction is:
give him his levitical portion [the First-tithe]
If he can’t survive on his portion,
then supplement his portion
from the Pauper’s tithe.
If he can’t survive on the Pauper’s tithe,
then supplement his portion
from Communion-offerings.98Cf. Pisqa’ 69.1.
(דברים יב יט) הִשָּׁמֶר – בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה.
3. “Be careful” (Dt.12:19)—
this constitutes a proscription.
פֶּן – בְּלֹא תַעֲשֶׂה.
“Lest” (Dt.12:19)—
lest also constitutes a proscription.
פֶּן תַּעֲזֹב אֶת הַלֵּוִי כָּל יָמֶיךָ – אֲפִלּוּ שְׁמִטִּים וַאֲפִלּוּ יוֹבְלוֹת.
“You abandon the Levite all your days” (Dt.12:19)—
even during the Sabbatical cycles,
and even during the Jubilee years.
עַל אַדְמָתֶךָ – וְלֹא בַגּוֹלָה.
“On your soil” (Dt.12:19)—
but not in the Exile.