Pisqa’ 104240H:149-150; JN1:265-266. 1. “Do not eat any carcass” (Dt.14:21). I might infer only that [the rule applies to] a carcass found dead. On what basis do I know that [it applies] to what is mauled [and about to die]? The teaching states: “Any carcass” (Dt.14:21)— [this includes] anything found dead [including a mauled animal that will not survive].
2. “Give it to the migrant (ger) within your gates” (Dt.14:21)— this teaches that one may make a gift of the carcass to the resident alien (ger toshav).
On what basis do I know that one may sell it to a foreigner? The Teaching states: “To a foreigner” (Dt.14:21). You might conceivably say that one may sell it or give it as a gift to a foreigner or a resident alien.
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רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: דְּבָרִים כִּכְתָבָם.
R. Judah says: Matters stand as they are written [and require no further explication].
3. “For you are a people consecrated (qadosh) to HASHEM your God” (Dt.14:21). [Therefore,] consecrate (qadesh) yourself. Permitted acts that others treat as prohibited— you are not permitted to treat them as permissible.
“Do not boil a kid in its mother’s milk” (Dt.14:21). Why is this taught [on three separate occasions [(Dt.14:21, Ex.23:19, and Ex.34:26)]? [The repetition] corresponds to three covenantal promises that the Blessed Holy One sealed with Israel at three separate occasions: Once at Horeb (Dt.6:1ff.), and once on the Plain of Moab (Dt.28:69-30:20), and once at Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Ebal (Dt.28:1-24).241This material is identified by F:163, n.9 as an interpolation based upon Mechilta Ishmael, kaspa’, 20.
4. R. Akiva says: [prohibitions against cooking milk with] wild cattle and fowl are not grounded in the Torah! Therefore, it is stated three times: “Do not boil a kid in its mother’s milk” (Dt.14:21)— specifically, wild cattle, fowl, and unclean beasts [along with domestic cattle, may not be cooked with milk].242//M. Hul.8:4.
R. Yose the Galilian says: One verse states: “Do not eat any carcass” (Dt.14:21), while another states: “Do not boil a kid in its mother’s milk” (Dt.14:21) – {thus, whatever is prohibited under the rule of carcass is forbidden to boil in milk. As for fowl, which is prohibited under the rule of carcass, is it possible to say that it should be forbidden to boil in milk? The Teaching states: “In its mother’s milk” (Dt.14:21).}243The bracketed material is added to the text by F:163 based on M. Hu.8:4. See his list of variant readings ad loc. This excludes fowl, which has no mother’s milk!244= M/ Hul.8:4; cf. Mechilta Rashbi-Nelson, pp.369-370.
(דברים יד כא) לֹא תֹאכְלוּ כָל נְבֵלָה, אֵין לִי אֶלָּא נְבֵלָה, טְרֵפָה מִנַּיִן? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: ״נְבֵלָה״ – ״כָל נְבֵלָה״.
Pisqa’ 104240H:149-150; JN1:265-266.
1. “Do not eat any carcass” (Dt.14:21).
I might infer only that
[the rule applies to] a carcass found dead.
On what basis do I know that
[it applies] to what is mauled [and about to die]?
The teaching states:
“Any carcass” (Dt.14:21)—
[this includes] anything found dead
[including a mauled animal that will not survive].
לַגֵּר אֲשֶׁר בִּשְׁעָרֶיךָ – מְלַמֵּד שֶׁנּוֹתְנָהּ בְּמַתָּנָה לְגֵר תּוֹשָׁב.
2. “Give it to the migrant (ger) within your gates” (Dt.14:21)—
this teaches that
one may make a gift of the carcass
to the resident alien (ger toshav).
מִנַּיִן אַף לְנָכְרִי? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: לְנָכְרִי.
On what basis do I know that
[the carcass may be given]
even to a foreigner?
The Teaching states:
“To a foreigner” (Dt.14:21).
מִנַּיִן שֶׁמּוֹכְרָהּ לְגֵר תּוֹשָׁב? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: אוֹ מָכֹר.
On what basis do I know that
one may sell it to a resident alien?
The Teaching states:
“Or sell it” (Dt.14:21).
מִנַּיִן אַף לְנָכְרִי? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: לְנָכְרִי. כְּשֶׁתִּמְצֵי אוֹמֵר: מוֹכְרָהּ וְנוֹתְנָהּ בְּמַתָּנָה לְנָכְרִי וּלְגֵר תּוֹשָׁב.
On what basis do I know that
one may sell it to a foreigner?
The Teaching states:
“To a foreigner” (Dt.14:21).
You might conceivably say that
one may sell it or give it as a gift
to a foreigner or a resident alien.
רַבִּי יְהוּדָה אוֹמֵר: דְּבָרִים כִּכְתָבָם.
R. Judah says:
Matters stand as they are written
[and require no further explication].
כִּי עַם קָדוֹשׁ אַתָּה לַה׳ אֱלֹהֶיךָ – קַדֵּשׁ אֶת עַצְמְךָ. דְּבָרִים הַמּוּתָּרִים וַאֲחֵרִים נָהֲגוּ בָּהֶם אִסּוּר – אִי אַתָּה רַשַּׁי לִנְהֹג הֶתֵּר בִּפְנֵיהֶם.
3. “For you are a people consecrated (qadosh) to HASHEM your God” (Dt.14:21).
[Therefore,] consecrate (qadesh) yourself.
Permitted acts that others treat as prohibited—
you are not permitted to treat them as permissible.
לֹא תְבַשֵּׁל גְּדִי בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹ לָמָּה נֶאֱמַר? כְּנֶגֶד שָׁלֹשׁ בְּרִיתוֹת שֶׁכָּרַת הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא עִם יִשְׂרָאֵל שָׁלֹשׁ פְּעָמִים: אַחַת בְּחוֹרֵב, וְאַחַת בְּעַרְבוֹת מוֹאָב, וְאַחַת בְּהַר גְּרִזִים וּבְהַר עֵיבָל.
“Do not boil a kid in its mother’s milk” (Dt.14:21).
Why is this taught [on three separate occasions
[(Dt.14:21, Ex.23:19, and Ex.34:26)]?
[The repetition] corresponds to three covenantal promises
that the Blessed Holy One sealed with Israel
at three separate occasions:
Once at Horeb (Dt.6:1ff.),
and once on the Plain of Moab (Dt.28:69-30:20),
and once at Mt. Gerizim and Mt. Ebal (Dt.28:1-24).241This material is identified by F:163, n.9 as an interpolation based upon Mechilta Ishmael, kaspa’, 20.
רַבִּי עֲקִיבָה אוֹמֵר: חַיָּה וָעוֹף אֵינָם מִן הַתּוֹרָה, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר לֹא תְבַשֵּׁל גְּדִי בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹ שָׁלֹשׁ פְּעָמִים, פְּרָט לְחַיָּה וְעוֹף וּבְהֵמָה טְמֵאָה.
4. R. Akiva says:
[prohibitions against cooking milk with]
wild cattle and fowl are not grounded in the Torah!
Therefore, it is stated three times:
“Do not boil a kid in its mother’s milk” (Dt.14:21)—
specifically, wild cattle, fowl, and unclean beasts
[along with domestic cattle, may not be cooked with milk].242//M. Hul.8:4.
רַבִּי יוֹסֵי הַגְּלִילִי אוֹמֵר: נֶאֱמַר לֹא תֹאכְלוּ כָל נְבֵלָה וְנֶאֱמַר לֹא תְבַשֵּׁל גְּדִי בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹ, [אֵת שֶׁאָסוּר מִשּׁוּם נְבֵלָה אָסוּר לְבַשֵּׁל בְּחָלָב. עוֹף שֶׁאָסוּר מִשּׁוּם נְבֵלָה, יָכוֹל יְהֵא אָסוּר לְבַשֵּׁל בְּחָלָב? תַּלְמוּד לוֹמַר: בַּחֲלֵב אִמּוֹ,] יָצָא עוֹף שֶׁאֵין לוֹ חֲלֵב אֵם.
R. Yose the Galilian says:
One verse states:
“Do not eat any carcass” (Dt.14:21),
while another states:
“Do not boil a kid in its mother’s milk” (Dt.14:21) –
{thus, whatever is prohibited under the rule of carcass
is forbidden to boil in milk.
As for fowl, which is prohibited under the rule of carcass,
is it possible to say that
it should be forbidden to boil in milk?
The Teaching states:
“In its mother’s milk” (Dt.14:21).}243The bracketed material is added to the text by F:163 based on M. Hu.8:4. See his list of variant readings ad loc.
This excludes fowl,
which has no mother’s milk!244= M/ Hul.8:4; cf. Mechilta Rashbi-Nelson, pp.369-370.