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דפוס קרימונה 121

Teshuvot Maharam · Cremona Edition, Chapter 121

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  1. 1

    ואשר שאלת על שמעון א"כ הוא כדבריו שאומר כן לקהל אני רוצה לצאת מן העיר וכן עשה שיצא הוא וביתו לעיר אחרת ושהה שם ימים רבים. ולאחר שיצא מן העיר נשאל המס. אז פטור אף על פי שהלך לגור בתוך פרסה פטור שהו' הלך חוץ לתחום. וכהנה וכהנה ראיתי שהרבה הלכו ממקומם לגור במקום אחר שהו' בטורח חצי פרסה מן העיר ולא נתנו מס עם הקהל. כי אם כשהיה מלך בעולם אז היו נותנים למלך עמהם אפי' עד ח' פרסאות כל מה שהיה שייך להגמוניא. מיהו מי שהיה בשעת התקנה במקומו ויצא אחרי כן מן העיר חייליה תקנה עליה כיון שנמנה עמהם. ומה שהלוה לשרים כדי שיזקפו לו הכל ביחד ויפרעו לו הכל גם מזה פטור. כיון שלא יכול להוציא חובו בעניין אחר כמו שהוכיח רבי' יהודא זצ"ל:

    Q. B informed the community of T that he wished to move out of town. He did move out of town, but settled within one mile of T. He continued to lend money to the nobles, his customers, asserting that he was unable to collect his debts from them unless he lent them additional funds. Subsequently, a heavy tax was imposed on the community by the overlord of T. The community protested to the overlord that B, the man who formerly used to defray half of the taxes imposed on the community, had moved out of town [outside of the overlord's jurisdiction], but their protests were of no avail. The community, therefore, demands that B pay his share of the tax.
    A. If it is true that B left town before the overlord demanded the tax, he is under no obligation to pay it, since he lived outside of the city limits, even though within one mile of T. I have known many instances where men who have left their town and moved to places scarcely half a mile away, no longer paid their taxes to the community. Formerly, when the country had a king, the Jews of the surrounding territory — even those who lived eight miles away from town, in fact those who lived in the entire bishopric — would pay their taxes to the king collectively with the community. [But this is no longer done.] However, if, while B was still living in T, the community passed a ruling [regarding the payment of taxes, or the lending of additional funds to debtors, by the Jews who move to the surrounding territory], he is still bound by such a ruling. The community, on the other hand, did an improper thing by informing the overlord that B used to bear half the burden of the community taxes. They should merely have informed the overlord that B had moved out of town, and should have been satisfied with whatever reduction the overlord would have granted to them on this account. Regarding B's business transactions, however, if B could not have collected his debts from the nobles unless he lent them additional funds, he is under no obligation to pay taxes on such investments.
    SOURCES: Cr. 121. Cf. Hayyim Or Zarua, Responsa 226.

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    מהנהו עמרויי דשרא להו רב כהנא בעל כרחן של בני מדנא למיזבן שיעור חייותייהו עד דאקרי אשר' אשראי דידהו. ולא יפה עשו הקהל שאמרו לשר פלו' הלך מכאן שנתן חצי המס. אך בסתמא היה להם לומר פלו' הלך מכאן וכל מה שהיה פוחת בעבורו זה היה טוב.

Hebrew: Sefer She'elot uTeshuvot, Kremonah, 1557 · Public Domain

English: Rabbi Meir of Rothenburg, his life and his works, by Irving A. Agus. Philadelphia, 1947 · Public Domain

Texts from Sefaria.