(Numb. 13:21:) “So they went up and explored the land.” How?21Below, Numb. 4a:3, 10; Numb. R. 16:13; Sot. 35a. When they entered a town, a pestilence afflicted the nobility; and the people of the town were busy with their burial so when they entered, no mortal saw them. For this reason they said (in vs. 32), “The land through which we passed […] is a land that eats up its inhabitants.” It was through the [very] miracles which the Holy One, blessed be He, did for them that they spread slander. (Numb. 13:22:) “And they went up to the Negeb and they came to Hevron, and Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai were there,” who were extremely strong, as stated (Deut. 9:2), “whom you have known and about whom you have heard.” R. Berekhyah the Priest Berabbi said (according to vs. 22), “They found the three sons of Anak there, ‘Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai.’22Cf. Sot. 34b. Why was the name of [the first] called Ahiman? Because he said, ‘My brother (ahi), who (man) will come against me?’ [Why] Sheshai (shyshy)? Because he was as sound as marble (shysh). [Why] Talmai?23Talmay, which means, “my furrows.” Because he went and made furrows (telamim) in the earth.”24I.e., with his heavy steps. (Ibid., cont.:) “The children of the Anak ('nq).” (He was called that] because he wore (rt.: 'nq) the sun around his neck.25According to Zeev Wolf’s commentary on Numb. R. 16:11, they were so tall that the sun seemed to rest on their heads. When the spies saw them they were afraid. Immediately they went and said (in vs. 31), “for they are stronger than we (which can also be read as, than He).” Resh Laqish said, “They compared them to the Above. Because of this transgression harsh decrees were issued against them.” What does the Holy One, blessed be He, say to Jeremiah? “Go, say to them, ‘You do not know what you have brought out from your mouth, as stated (in Jer. 11:16), “with the sound of a great tumult you have lit fire to it, and you have broken its boughs.” What did you cause to yourselves “with the sound of a great tumult” that you said, “you have lit fire to it.” “You will carry your sins one day for each year”’” (Numbers 14:34). They said (in Numb. 13:33), “And in our own eyes we were like grasshoppers.” The Holy One, blessed be He, said, “I forgave them for that [remark]; but I was exacting [when they said] (ibid., cont.), ‘And so we were in their eyes.’ Who would say that you were not like angels in their eyes? Do you know what I made you in their eyes?” What had they brought upon themselves? (Numb. 14:34:) “According to the number of days that you explored the land […] forty years.” As though this was not enough, they did not even enter the land. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to Israel, “In this world,26This form usually denotes the end of a parashah, but it does not do so here; nor does it do so in the parallel in Numb R. 16:11. because the representatives (literally, those sent) were of flesh and blood, it has been decreed over them that they should not enter the land; but in the world to come I will suddenly send My angel (mal'akh), and he shall clear a way before Me.” It is so stated (in Mal. 3:1), “Behold, I am sending My messenger (mal'akh) to clear a way before Me, and [the Lord whom you seek] shall suddenly come unto his Temple.”
וַיַּעֲלוּ וַיָּתֻרוּ אֶת הָאָרֶץ. כֵּיצַד, כְּשֶׁהָיוּ נִכְנָסִין לָעִיר וְהַדֶּבֶר נוֹגֵף אֶת הַגְּדוֹלִים וּמִתְעַסְּקִין בְּנֵי הָעִיר בִּקְבוּרָתוֹ, וְהָיוּ נִכְנָסִין וּבְרִיָּה לֹא הָיְתָה רוֹאָה אוֹתָן, לְכָךְ אָמְרוּ, הָאָרֶץ אֲשֶׁר עָבַרְנוּ בָהּ לָתוּר אוֹתָהּ אֶרֶץ אוֹכֶלֶת יוֹשְׁבֶיהָ הִיא. בַּנִּסִּים שֶׁהָיָה עוֹשֶׂה לָהֶם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, בּוֹ הוֹצִיאוּ דִּבָּה. וַיַּעֲלוּ בַּנֶּגֶב וַיָּבֹא עַד חֶבְרוֹן וְשָׁם אֲחִימָן שֵׁשַׁי וְתַלְמַי, שֶׁהָיוּ גִּבּוֹרִים עַד מְאֹד, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: אֲשֶׁר אַתָּה יָדַעְתָּ וְאַתָּה שָׁמַעְתָּ וְגוֹ' (דברים ט, ב). אָמַר רַבִּי בְּרֶכְיָה הַכֹּהֵן בְּרַבִּי, מָצְאוּ שְׁלֹשָׁה בְּנֵי עֲנָק, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וְשֵׁם אֲחִימָן שֵׁשַׁי וְתַלְמַי. לָמָּה נִקְרָא שְׁמוֹ אֲחִימָן. שֶׁהָיָה אוֹמֵר, אֲחִי, מֵאַיִן יָבֹא עָלַי שׁוּם אָדָם. שֵׁשַׁי, שֶׁהָיָה בָּרִיא כְּשַׁיִשׁ. תַּלְמַי, שֶׁהָיָה חָזָק וְעוֹשֶׂה תְּלָמִים בָּאָרֶץ. יְלִידֵי הָעֲנָק, שֶׁהָיָה עוֹנֵק אֶת הַחַמָּה. כְּשֶׁרָאוּ אוֹתָם מְרַגְּלִים נִתְיָרְאוּ. מִיָּד הָלְכוּ וְאָמְרוּ, כִּי חָזָק הוּא מִמֶּנּוּ. אָמַר רַבִּי שִׁמְעוֹן בֶּן לָקִישׁ, הִקִּישָׁן כְּלַפֵּי מַעְלָן, וּבְאוֹתוֹ הֶעָוֹן נִגְזַר עֲלֵיהֶם גְּזֵרוֹת קָשׁוֹת. מָה הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא אוֹמֵר לְיִרְמְיָה, לֵךְ וֶאֱמֹר לָהֶן, אֵין אַתֶּם יוֹדְעִים מַה הוֹצֵאתֶם מִפִּיכֶם, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: לְקוֹל הֲמֻלָּה גְּדוֹלָה הִצִּית אֵשׁ עָלֶיהָ וְרָעוּ דָּלִיּוֹתָיו (ירמיה יא, טז). לְקוֹל הֲמֻלָּה גְּדוֹלָה שֶׁאֲמַרְתֶּם, מַה גְּרַמְתֶּם לְעַצְמְכֶם, הִצִּית אֵשׁ עָלֶיהָ, יוֹם לְשָׁנָה יוֹם לְשָׁנָה תִּשְּׂאוּ אֶת עוֹנוֹתֵיכֶם. אָמְרוּ, וַנְּהִי בְעֵינֵינוּ כַּחֲגָבִים. אָמַר הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא, וִתַּרְתִּי עָלֶיהָ. אֶלָּא, וְכֵן הָיִינוּ בְּעֵינֵיהֶם, מַקְפִּיד אֲנִי. וְכִי יוֹדְעִים הֱיִיתֶם מֶה עָשִׂיתִי אֶתְכֶם בְּעֵינֵיהֶם. מִי יֹאמַר לָכֶם, שֶׁלֹּא הֱיִיתֶם בְּעֵינֵיהֶם כְּמַלְאָכִים. מַה גָּרְמוּ לְעַצְמָן. בְּמִסְפַּר הַיָּמִים אֲשֶׁר תַּרְתֶּם אֶת הָאָרֶץ אַרְבָּעִים שָׁנָה. לֹא דַּיָּם כָּךְ, אֶלָּא שֶׁלֹּא נִכְנְסוּ לָאָרֶץ. אָמַר לָהֶם הַקָּדוֹשׁ בָּרוּךְ הוּא לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, בָּעוֹלָם הַזֶּה, עַל יְדֵי שֶׁהָיוּ שְׁלוּחֵי בָּשָׂר וָדָם, נִגְזַר עֲלֵיהֶם שֶׁלֹּא יִכָּנְסוּ לָאָרֶץ. אֲבָל לָעוֹלָם הַבָּא, אֲנִי מְשַׁלֵּחַ לָכֶם מַלְאָכִי פִּתְאֹם וְיַפְנֶה דֶּרֶךְ לְפָנַי, שֶׁנֶּאֱמַר: וּפִתְאֹם יָבֹא אֶל הֵיכָלוֹ וְגוֹ' (מלאכי ג, א).
(Numb. 13:21:) “So they went up and explored the land.” How?21Below, Numb. 4a:3, 10; Numb. R. 16:13; Sot. 35a. When they entered a town, a pestilence afflicted the nobility; and the people of the town were busy with their burial so when they entered, no mortal saw them. For this reason they said (in vs. 32), “The land through which we passed […] is a land that eats up its inhabitants.” It was through the [very] miracles which the Holy One, blessed be He, did for them that they spread slander. (Numb. 13:22:) “And they went up to the Negeb and they came to Hevron, and Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai were there,” who were extremely strong, as stated (Deut. 9:2), “whom you have known and about whom you have heard.” R. Berekhyah the Priest Berabbi said (according to vs. 22), “They found the three sons of Anak there, ‘Ahiman, Sheshai, and Talmai.’22Cf. Sot. 34b. Why was the name of [the first] called Ahiman? Because he said, ‘My brother (ahi), who (man) will come against me?’ [Why] Sheshai (shyshy)? Because he was as sound as marble (shysh). [Why] Talmai?23Talmay, which means, “my furrows.” Because he went and made furrows (telamim) in the earth.”24I.e., with his heavy steps. (Ibid., cont.:) “The children of the Anak ('nq).” (He was called that] because he wore (rt.: 'nq) the sun around his neck.25According to Zeev Wolf’s commentary on Numb. R. 16:11, they were so tall that the sun seemed to rest on their heads. When the spies saw them they were afraid. Immediately they went and said (in vs. 31), “for they are stronger than we (which can also be read as, than He).” Resh Laqish said, “They compared them to the Above. Because of this transgression harsh decrees were issued against them.” What does the Holy One, blessed be He, say to Jeremiah? “Go, say to them, ‘You do not know what you have brought out from your mouth, as stated (in Jer. 11:16), “with the sound of a great tumult you have lit fire to it, and you have broken its boughs.” What did you cause to yourselves “with the sound of a great tumult” that you said, “you have lit fire to it.” “You will carry your sins one day for each year”’” (Numbers 14:34). They said (in Numb. 13:33), “And in our own eyes we were like grasshoppers.” The Holy One, blessed be He, said, “I forgave them for that [remark]; but I was exacting [when they said] (ibid., cont.), ‘And so we were in their eyes.’ Who would say that you were not like angels in their eyes? Do you know what I made you in their eyes?” What had they brought upon themselves? (Numb. 14:34:) “According to the number of days that you explored the land […] forty years.” As though this was not enough, they did not even enter the land. The Holy One, blessed be He, said to Israel, “In this world,26This form usually denotes the end of a parashah, but it does not do so here; nor does it do so in the parallel in Numb R. 16:11. because the representatives (literally, those sent) were of flesh and blood, it has been decreed over them that they should not enter the land; but in the world to come I will suddenly send My angel (mal'akh), and he shall clear a way before Me.” It is so stated (in Mal. 3:1), “Behold, I am sending My messenger (mal'akh) to clear a way before Me, and [the Lord whom you seek] shall suddenly come unto his Temple.”